Fish with big foreheads are a fascinating group of creatures, and they capture the imagination of hobbyists, aquarists, and biologists alike. The most popular among these fish are the Asian Arowana and Flowerhorn cichlids.
Physical Characteristics
The most defining characteristic of these fish is their large and often peculiarly shaped forehead. This protrusion is made up of fatty tissue and can be found in several species.
1. Asian Arowana (Scleropages formosus):
- Forehead: Prominent, rounded, and fleshy.
- Size: Can grow up to 35 inches in length.
- Color: Comes in various colors such as green, gold, and red.
2. Flowerhorn Cichlids:
- Forehead: Known as a “nuchal hump” or “kok.”
- Size: Typically grows up to 16 inches.
- Color: Vibrant and varied, often displaying striking patterns.
Habitat
These fish originate from different parts of the world.
- Asian Arowana: Native to Southeast Asia, found in rivers and swamps.
- Flowerhorn Cichlids: A man-made hybrid, that originated in Malaysia and Taiwan.
Breeding
Breeding these fish can be a complex process.
- Asian Arowana: They spawn in the rainy season and lay eggs in nests. The males carry the eggs in their mouths until they hatch.
- Flowerhorn Cichlids: As hybrids, their breeding is more controlled and often carried out in aquariums.
Care and Aquarium Requirements
Both of these species require specific care.
- Tank Size: Minimum 55 gallons for Flowerhorns and 150 gallons for Asian Arowana.
- Water Conditions: Slightly acidic to neutral pH, temperature around 77-86°F.
- Diet: Carnivorous; they thrive on a diet of fish, shrimp, and specially formulated pellets.
- Maintenance: Regular water changes, filtration, and monitoring are essential.
Cultural Significance
In some cultures, particularly in Asia, these fish are believed to bring good luck and prosperity. The Asian Arowana is often referred to as the “Dragon Fish” and is highly prized.
Conservation and Legal Issues
The Asian Arowana is listed as an endangered species and is subject to strict trade regulations under CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species). Its sale and possession are regulated in many countries, including the United States.
Other fishes:
Humphead Wrasse – This large species of wrasse is characterized by a prominent bump on its forehead.
Dolphinfish (Mahi-Mahi) – Some may describe the appearance of the male dolphinfish’s head as having a large forehead due to its distinct shape.
Humphead Cichlid (Cyphotilapia frontosa) – Named for the hump on its head, the males of this species have a pronounced forehead.
Beluga Sturgeon – This species has a distinctly pronounced snout and forehead, and is most famous for being the source of beluga caviar.
Parrotfish – Some species of parrotfish develop a bony protrusion on their forehead as they mature.
Bonytongue Fish (Arapaima gigas) – This large freshwater species is known for its bony head.
Kokanee Salmon – Males develop a pronounced forehead hump during the spawning season.
Hatchetfish – This fish has a distinct body shape where the forehead appears to be large in comparison to the rest of the head.
Snakehead Fish – Some species have a pronounced head that can give the appearance of a large forehead.
Fish with big foreheads are undoubtedly among the most intriguing aquatic creatures. Their unique physical appearance, coupled with the complexity of their care and their cultural significance, make them a subject of ongoing interest and study.
Whether seen as a symbol of good fortune or simply admired for their beauty, these fish continue to captivate those who encounter them. Their care requires a deep understanding and commitment but can be a rewarding experience for dedicated aquarists. It’s essential to approach ownership responsibly, especially considering the conservation issues surrounding some species.
Also, read Golden Cavapoo
Comment on “Fishes with Big Foreheads: A Detailed Look”